Psoriasis, often misunderstood as a contagious skin condition, not only impacts physical health but also takes a toll on the mental well-being of those affected. This is due to the range of complications that often accompany it, including arthritis, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and depression.
According to the Global Psoriasis Atlas, psoriasis is a chronic skin disorder caused by an abnormal immune response. It affects approximately two to three percent of the global population, which translates to more than 60 million people worldwide.
Dr. Sharifah Rosniza Syed Nong Chek, a Dermatology Consultant at Sunway Medical Centre, explained that psoriasis is much more than just a skin condition. It is an autoimmune disease where certain immune system cells trigger the skin to produce new cells at an accelerated rate.
"Normally, skin cells regenerate every 30 days, but in psoriasis, this cycle can happen in just three to five days. As a result, excess skin cells accumulate, forming thick, scaly plaques on the body," Dr. Sharifah Rosniza said in a statement.
In Malaysia, the most common form of psoriasis is plaque psoriasis, which accounts for more than 80 percent of cases.
Red Rash and Thick Scales
"Patients typically experience a red rash, often covered with thick, silver-colored scales. This rash usually appears on areas like the scalp, elbows, knees, and lower back," Dr. Sharifah Rosniza explained. She also mentioned that these symptoms often lead to social stigma, emotional stress, low self-esteem, anxiety, and even depression.
She noted that when rashes appear in visible areas like the face or scalp, it can be quite embarrassing for patients. Many also report severe itching that disrupts their sleep, and the skin can be painful due to cracks that develop in the thick plaques.
One of the most common misconceptions about psoriasis is that it is contagious. However, Dr. Sharifah Rosniza clarified that this is not the case. The lack of public awareness about the condition often results in patients feeling isolated and misunderstood.
"Psoriasis is often mistakenly associated with poor hygiene, which leads to discrimination and social exclusion," she said.
Another common misconception is that psoriasis can be cured. While there is no cure for the condition, it can be effectively managed through treatment that controls symptoms and reduces the appearance of rashes, allowing the skin to return to a more normal appearance.
Consistent Treatment is Key
Dr. Sharifah Rosniza emphasized the importance of early diagnosis and consistent treatment in managing psoriasis and preventing complications. One such complication is psoriatic arthritis, an inflammatory joint disease that affects up to 30 percent of psoriasis patients. Without treatment, it can lead to joint damage and even disability.
Psoriasis is also linked to obesity and can contribute to metabolic issues like hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol.
Education about psoriasis and support from family members are crucial for overcoming stigma and correcting misinformation. Dr. Sharifah Rosniza stressed that creating a positive environment for patients is essential for their well-being.
"Healthcare professionals play an important role in providing education and emotional support to patients and their families. This includes teaching them about the disease, helping them identify and avoid triggers, and debunking common myths about psoriasis."
While living with psoriasis can be challenging, Dr. Sharifah Rosniza concluded that with increased awareness, early diagnosis, and consistent treatment, patients can significantly improve their quality of life.
Source: Awani